What are the benefits of marking?

Marking Benefits Trademark Law Intellectual Property

What are the benefits of marking?

Marking provides certain procedural advantages to the owner when attempting to enforce the mark. You cannot obtain lost profits and damages, if you don’t use the notice. However, marking need not be made each and every time the mark is used. It need only be used in a fair representative number of cases.

Marking may also be important if you have a weak unregistered mark and you are attempting to build secondary meaning in your mark in order to get it registered. Similarly, if you have a very popular mark which is in danger of becoming generic, make sure you mark it. A trademark attorney can give you guidelines to enable you to balance your desire for protection with your desire to have goods and services “uncluttered” by all sorts of legalese.

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Are trademarks markings essential?

Trademark Essential Trademark Law Intellectual Property

Are trademarks markings essential?

No, but they are important and should be used. It is suggested that the trademark claimant use “tm” or “sm” (servicemark) for marks which are claimed as the exclusive property of the trademark owner, but not yet registered. If your client has registered its mark, it may use ® (or “Registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office” or Reg. U.S. Pat & Tm. Off.”) which should be placed somewhere near the trademark or the legend asterisked to the mark itself.

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Is there a danger that my mark can become “generic”?

Generic Trademark Trademark Law Intellectual Property

Is there a danger that my mark can become “generic”?

Yes. It is desirable to use a generic name with your trademark (for example XEROX photocopies, KLEENEX tissues). It is also advisable to declare the ownership of each trademark when joint promotions are carried by separate companies. For example, “MICKEY MOUSE is a Registered Trademark of the Walt Disney Company. RONALD McDONALD is a registered Trademark of McDonalds Corporation. FreeAdvice is a trademark of Advice & CounselT”.

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How to “police the mark”?

Trademark Police Trademark Law Intellectual Property

How to “police the mark”?

(1) Employ a professional “watch” organization or your trademark lawyer to review trademarks being published for opposition in the Trademark Office and notify you of similar marks.

(2) Ask your employees, friends and customers to report any similar marks.

(3) Issue demand letters to those who are using similar marks and sue them if they do not discontinue their infringing behavior. The seizure of infringing goods may also be an available remedy. CAUTION: Make a careful investigation to make sure the party you are about to accuse of infringement does not have prior and superior rights to yours.

(4) File your trademarks with the United States Customs Office. Customs will prevent infringing goods from entering the country.

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How long do trademark rights last?

Trademark Rights Trademark Law Intellectual Property

How long do trademark rights last?

Potentially forever, provided you continue to use the mark and comply with renewal requirements. However, if you stop using for three years or more, this may be considered “abandonment” and you may lose the trademark unless you can demonstrate a good reason for the non-use. “Three years non-use” became effective January 1, 1996 and results from the Uruguay Round Agreements Act passed in December 1994 to implement the Trade Related Intellectual Property (TRIPs) portion of the GATT Agreement. The time period for abandonment used to be two years.

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Why must I be in a hurry to get my trademark fast?

Trademark Rush Trademark Law Intellectual Property

Why must I be in a hurry to get my trademark fast?

Because it can be critical to your rights to a trademark! Do not delay!

In one recent case “Tortoise” Company searched and evaluated in a slow and steady manner taking three months to complete the process. The “Hare” Company searched the mark, evaluated the search and filed an “Intent to Use” application, all within 10 days, and 20 days before Tortoise Company filed. These are the fact patterns in cases involving Estee Lauder, the Gap, and Tommy Hilfiger.

The Internet, with its fast moving pace, has produced similar issues. One company came up with a great name and filed an intention to use application, but a second company, without knowing about the filing, came up with the same name and began shipping goods with the name. Who wins? Time and the courts will tell.

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I thought up a great name. When should I use or register it?

Game Trademark Registration Trademark Law Intellectual Property

I thought up a great name. When should I use or register it?

As soon as possible after you conceive an idea for a name. For many years it was necessary to first make a bona fide commercial use in interstate commerce of the name or mark before you were able to register a trademark. Only after you made such use, could you file for registration.

Changes in U.S. trademark law also permit you to file on the basis of “intent to use” and to maintain that application for up to three years. However, registration still requires that the applicant prove use has occurred. If you can make legitimate bona fide use, such use will always be preferable to filing an “intent to use” application, but whatever can be done first should be done immediately.

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Can trademarks be cancelled?

Cancel Trademark Trademark Law Intellectual Property

Can trademarks be cancelled?

Yes. The Trademark Office, on its own or at the behest of others, may initiate proceedings to cancel a trademark that was improperly obtained.

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has the statutory power to cancel trademarks it finds generic or prohibit the use of trademarks it finds constitute false advertising. However, in 1980, Congress denied the FTC appropriations to proceed with a cancellation for generic reasons when it sought to cancel the “Formica” trademark. This stricture has been continually renewed since then.

The Food and Drug Administration also has the authority to prohibit the use of trademarks it finds illegal under the Food and Drug Laws.

Marks will be canceled after registration for failure to use and failure to file a paper between the fifth and sixth year of the mark indicating continuous use of the mark.

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What are the different types of marks?

Different Types Mark Trademark Law Intellectual Property

What are the different types of marks?

Trademarks for use in connection with goods.

Service Marks foruse in connection with services.

Collective Marks for use by members of a cooperative or association or other collective group, used to indicate membership therein.

Certification Marks for use by an entity other than its owner to show that the goods or services used in connection with the mark meet a certain set of prescribed standards, e.g., the Good Housekeeping seal.

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What is a “trademark” or “service mark”?

Trademark Trademark Law Intellectual Property

What is a “trademark” or “service mark”?

A “trademark” is a word, name or symbol which is used to identify particular products or services offer by a particular manufacturer or from a particular source.

The trademark distinguishes and authenticates a product of a particular manufacturer from similar products offered by others. The owner of a Trademark has the right to prevent others from using the same or similar trademark on their products.

A “service mark” is a form of trademark that is used in the sale or advertising of services. The service mark distinguishes the services offered by one business from similar services offered by other businesses.

Both trademarks and service marks can be registered with the United States Patent and Trademark Office – and states can regulate trademarks and service marks used within the particular state.

A mark is not eligible to be registered if it is:

(a) immoral, deceptive or scandalous matter,

(b) flag of coat of arms or other insignia of the United States, or of any state, municipality, or foreign nation,

(c) a name, portrait, or signature identifying a particular living individual except with that individual’s written consent, or the name, signature or portrait of a deceased President of the United States during the life of the President’s spouse, except with the spouse’s written consent,

(d) a mark that resembles one already registered that is likely to cause confusion, mistake or deception,

(e) a mark that is merely descriptive, or a deceptive mis-description, of goods, or primarily a geographical description or deceptive geographical mis-description of goods, or a surname – unless the mark has become distinctive of the applicant’s goods in commerce.

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